Computer security, digital security or cybersecurity is the prevention of computer systems and networks against the intentional misuse, destruction or access to their electronic data, hardware, software or otherwise their electronic support services. It may also be used to protect corporate assets and information from theft, fraud or hacking. It has become a critical and essential component of organizational security management. It also covers network infrastructure, such as networks, WAN/ LANs, servers, workstations and devices using those networks. Protection of these infrastructures from external threats and internal threats comes under the broader discipline of information assurance or digital protection.

Recently, the threat has become more complicated due to the growth of malware, viruses, and hackers that are evolving their capabilities in order to collect private and confidential information that can be used for cyber attacks. In some cases, public or corporate networks have been the victims of malware and hacking, putting people’s private and confidential data at risk of misuse. While it is difficult to prevent someone from deliberately attacking your network, there are several ways to reduce the likelihood of such attacks by adopting good business practices and developing an integrated approach to managing risks in cyberspace. This includes implementing effective anti-cybersecurity techniques and policies that include regular vulnerability scanning, usage control, monitoring and control, and protection procedures.

Health care is one sector that is facing a great deal of threats in the cyberspace environment. Because of the increasing rate of health-related malpractice and the increase in fraudulent billing, it has become imperative for hospitals to adopt strong measures that will minimize the risks of exposure to cyber attacks. Health information systems face particular vulnerabilities because of their reliance on patient records. These records contain personal information ranging from health history to prescriptions to immunizations to treatment plans. In fact, a recent survey shows that about one in six hospitals did not already have an electronic patient record system that can protect patient medical records from unauthorized access.